{
  "id": "limits:who-elf-leukaemia-association",
  "collection": "limits",
  "slug": "who-elf-0-3-0-4-microtesla-association",
  "name": "WHO/IARC ELF magnetic field association threshold (0.3–0.4 µT)",
  "summary": "The average daily exposure level above which pooled epidemiological studies report an association with childhood leukaemia, and the basis for the IARC Group 2B classification of ELF magnetic fields.",
  "status": "verified",
  "lastVerified": "2026-08-12",
  "data": {
    "standardId": "who-elf-evidence",
    "population": "sensitive",
    "quantity": "magnetic-flux-density",
    "band": {
      "minHz": 50,
      "maxHz": 60,
      "label": "50/60 Hz"
    },
    "value": {
      "quantity": "magnetic-flux-density",
      "unit": "µT",
      "value": 0.3,
      "max": 0.4,
      "basis": "measured",
      "method": "Pooled analyses of residential exposure epidemiology cited by WHO and IARC.",
      "note": "0.3–0.4 µT = 3–4 mG. This is an epidemiological association, not an established causal threshold, and is far below all regulatory limits.",
      "sourceIds": [
        "who-elf",
        "iarc-monograph-80"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "who-elf",
      "title": "Electromagnetic fields and public health: exposure to extremely low frequency fields",
      "publisher": "World Health Organization",
      "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/radiation-and-health/non-ionizing/exposure",
      "year": 2007,
      "kind": "government",
      "retrieved": "2026-08-12"
    },
    {
      "id": "iarc-monograph-80",
      "title": "IARC Monographs Volume 80: Non-Ionizing Radiation, Part 1: Static and Extremely Low-Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields",
      "publisher": "International Agency for Research on Cancer",
      "url": "https://publications.iarc.who.int/98",
      "year": 2002,
      "kind": "peer-reviewed",
      "retrieved": "2026-08-12"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "self": "https://emfbase.com/api/limits/who-elf-0-3-0-4-microtesla-association",
    "html": "https://emfbase.com/limits/who-elf-0-3-0-4-microtesla-association",
    "markdown": "https://emfbase.com/limits/who-elf-0-3-0-4-microtesla-association.md",
    "collection": "https://emfbase.com/api/limits"
  }
}