{
  "id": "studies:interphone-2010",
  "collection": "studies",
  "slug": "interphone-2010",
  "name": "INTERPHONE international case–control study (2010)",
  "summary": "The largest case–control study of mobile phone use and brain tumours found no overall increase in glioma or meningioma, with a raised glioma odds ratio confined to the highest decile of reported call time.",
  "status": "verified",
  "lastVerified": "2026-08-12",
  "data": {
    "authors": "INTERPHONE Study Group",
    "year": 2010,
    "design": "case-control",
    "exposure": "Cumulative mobile phone call time, self-reported, 13 countries",
    "finding": "No increase in glioma or meningioma overall. In the highest decile of cumulative call time (≥1640 hours) the glioma odds ratio was about 1.4, which the authors judged possibly explained by bias and error rather than a causal effect.",
    "limitations": "Exposure was recalled by participants, and recall bias is documented in the study itself; some odds ratios fell implausibly below 1.0 for moderate use, indicating methodological error. Handset technology has changed substantially since the exposure period.",
    "weight": "high",
    "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/39/3/675/632606",
    "related": [
      "studies:iarc-2b-rf-2011",
      "emitters:smartphone"
    ]
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "interphone-2010",
      "title": "Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case–control study",
      "publisher": "International Journal of Epidemiology (INTERPHONE Study Group)",
      "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/39/3/675/632606",
      "year": 2010,
      "kind": "peer-reviewed",
      "retrieved": "2026-08-12"
    },
    {
      "id": "nih-nci-cellphones",
      "title": "Cell Phones and Cancer Risk",
      "publisher": "National Cancer Institute",
      "url": "https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/radiation/cell-phones-fact-sheet",
      "kind": "government",
      "retrieved": "2026-08-12"
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "self": "https://emfbase.com/api/studies/interphone-2010",
    "html": "https://emfbase.com/studies/interphone-2010",
    "markdown": "https://emfbase.com/studies/interphone-2010.md",
    "collection": "https://emfbase.com/api/studies"
  }
}